Day is done, gone the sun,
From the hills, from the lake, from the skies.
All is well, safely rest, God is nigh.
These are the most recognized words to the most recognized military bugle call, the one that will pull at your heartstrings at the sound of the first two notes. Taps is sounded at memorial services, wreath-laying ceremonies, and funerals, but it’s first use was for “Lights Out.”
Until the Civil War, another tune was used, a tune that originated in France. Union General Daniel Butterfield changed that with his Third Brigade (Third Brigade, First Division, Fifth Army Corps, Army of the Potomac).
According to several sources, General Butterfield did not like the call for Lights Out. He felt it was too formal. He worked with the brigade bugler, Oliver Wilcox Norton, to write something new. It was first used at the Seven Day’s battle at Harrison’s Landing, Virginia in July 1862. The song soon spread to other units of the Union Army and was also used by the Confederates. Taps was made an official bugle call after the war.
According to MSG Villanueva, the August, 1898 issue of Century Magazine contained an article called The Trumpet in Camp and Battle, by Gustav Kobbe, a music historian and critic. In the article, he wrongly identified the origin of Taps. Oliver W. Norton sent a response.
Chicago, August 8, 1898
I was much interested in reading the article by Mr. Gustav Kobbe, on the Trumpet and Bugle Calls, in the August Century. Mr. Kobbe says that he has been unable to trace the origin of the call now used for Taps, or the Go to Sleep, as it is generally called by the soldiers. As I am unable to give the origin of this call, I think the following statement may be of interest to Mr. Kobbe and your readers….
During the early part of the Civil War I was bugler at the Headquarters of Butterfield’s Brigade, Meroll’s Division, Fitz-John Porter’s Corp, Army of the Potomac. Up to July, 1862, the Infantry call for Taps was that set down in Casey s Tactics, which Mr. Kobbe says was borrowed from the French. One day, soon after the seven days battles on the Peninsular, when the Army of the Potomac was lying in camp at Harrison’s Landing, General Daniel Butterfield, then commanding our Brigade, sent for me, and showing me some notes on a staff written in pencil on the back of an envelope, asked me to sound them on my bugle.
I did this several times, playing the music as written. He changed it somewhat, lengthening some notes and shortening others, but retaining the melody as he first gave it to me. After getting it to his satisfaction, he directed me to sound that call for Taps thereafter in place of the regulation call. The music was beautiful on that still summer night and was heard far beyond the limits of our Brigade.
The next day I was visited by several buglers from neighboring Brigades, asking for copies of the music which I gladly furnished. I think no general order was issued from army headquarters authorizing the substitution of this for the regulation call, but as each brigade commander exercised his own discretion in such minor matters, the call was gradually taken up through the Army of the Potomac.
I have been told that it was carried to the Western Armies by the 11th and 12th Corps when they went to Chattanooga in the fall of 1863 and rapidly made its way through those armies. I did not presume to question General Butterfield at the time, but from the manner in which the call was given to me, I have no doubt he composed it in his tent at Harrison’s Landing.
I think General Butterfield is living at Cold Spring, New York. If you think the matter of sufficient interest, and care to write him on the subject, I have no doubt he will confirm my statement. – Oliver W. Norton
Butterfield’s Response
The editor reached out to Butterfield and received this reply on August 31, 1898.
I recall, in my dim memory, the substantial truth of the statement made by Norton, of the 83rd Pa., about bugle calls. His letter gives the impression that I personally wrote the notes for the call. The facts are, that at the time I could sound calls on the bugle as a necessary part of military knowledge and instruction for an officer commanding a regiment or brigade. I had acquired this as a regimental commander.
I had composed a call for my brigade, to precede any calls, indicating that such were calls, or orders, for my brigade alone. This was of very great use and effect on the march and in battle. It enabled me to cause my whole command, at times, in march, covering over a mile on the road, all to halt instantly, and lie down, and all arise and start at the same moment; to forward in line of battle, simultaneously, in action and charge etc. It saves fatigue.
Some of the typical verses used with Taps; verse one is most often used.
The men rather liked their call, and began to sing my name to it. It was three notes and a catch. I can not write a note of music, but have gotten my wife to write it from my whistling it to her, and enclose it. The men would sing , “Dan, Dan, Dan, Butterfield, Butterfield” to the notes when a call came. Later, in battle, or in some trying circumstances or an advance of difficulties, they sometimes sang, “Damn, Damn, Damn, Butterfield, Butterfield”.
The call of Taps did not seem to be as smooth, melodious and musical as it should be, and I called in some one who could write music, and practiced a change in the call of Taps until I had it suit my ear, and then, as Norton writes, got it to my taste without being able to write music or knowing the technical name of any note, but, simply by ear, arranged it as Norton describes. I did not recall him in connection with it, but his story is substantially correct. Will you do me the favor to send Norton a copy of this letter by your typewriter? I have none. – Daniel Butterfield
Historical Accuracy
It appears General Butterfield did not compose Taps, but that he revised an earlier call into the one we know today. Regardless of its true origin, this simple and profound tune has lived, with a variety of verses, for over 160 years.
Reprinted from the Independent, Pulaski County A-Z “Tt” – 20 in a series of 26, by Jim Carr and Alan McPherson, Monday, July 20, 2002.
(Photos have been changed.)
Scenic Tippecanoe
Tippecanoe. This humble stream has helped elect a national president and named a small species of fish unique to its waters. Meandering through eight of Indiana’s northern counties, the Tippy, as it is fondly called, becomes a “liquid necklace,” stringing together its pearls along the way. Its name is attached to villages, towns, cities, townships, counties, lakes, battlefields and parks along its path. Early treaties use it as a reference point on the face of a poorly mapped, infant state. Famous as a battlefield, just a few years later, it was ignored as America attempted to connect the Atlantic with the Gulf of Mexico by a system of waterways. Now, it is globally recognized as one of the nation’s most important rivers. Here in Pulaski County, it is certainly our most storied, and important body of water.
Rising as a thin ribbon of water out of Little Crooked Lake along the border of Noble and Whitley counties, it begins its 166-mile trek to its confluence with another of Indiana’s rivers, the Wabash. In its infancy, the Tippy connects several spring-fed lakes – Crooked Lake, Big Lake, Smally Lake, Baugher Lake, Wilmot Mill Pond, Webster Lake, and Lake James – before leaving Tippecanoe Lake and actually taking form as a true river. From southwest through the Maxinkuckee Moraine and the counties of Elkhart and Kosciusko until it reaches Pulaski County, which contains more than 40 meandering miles of the Tippy, including a brief brush with Starke County. Then it’s on through White County and Tippecanoe County, forming the western boundary of Carroll County along the way. It is along that route that the first settlers of this area made their homes – and left their mark – long before history was written down.
Evidence of earlier occupation remained when white men came to build homes in the wilderness along the Tippecanoe. Early local accounts speak of possible burial mounds built by what may well have been Pulaski County’s first inhabitants. In his Century of Achievement, written for the centennial year of 1938, the late Judge John Reidelbach mentions “nine or 10 earthen mounds” along the Tippy’s shore. Two Indian skeletons, he writes, were unearthed from one of these, located on a 10-acre farm about a mile east of Winamac. The origin of these mound builders is only speculation, and no one has any idea what they called the stream they settled on and later left. Later Native American inhabitants, the Miami and the Potawatomi, also left their mark, as Judge Reidelbach notes. Early white settlers encountered tribal remnants and found places where the natives met for council fires, danced and built dams for the purpose of easy fishing. It is these later tribes who give the Tippy the name it’s known by today.
Although rivers and streams were native American highways, the name Tippecanoe has nothing to do, as some might imagine, with an unstable Indian watercraft. The Miami Indians – at one time Indiana’s largest tribe – were first in the territory and named the river Ki-kap-kwan. Their later neighbors, the Potawatomi, called it Ki-tap-i-kon. In both native languages, the name means “buffalo fish.” This species of sucker, according to Webster, is named for the hump on its back, which evidently reminded the Indians of a buffalo’s shape. As white men struggled to pronounce these Indian versions, the best they could do was Tippecanoe, and the name remains. Although the Tippecanoe formed a sort of boundary between the Miami to the south and east and the Potawatomi to the north, it bore no particular significance in history until two members of another tribe brought it to national prominence by settling on its banks.
Tecumseh (not authentic), copied from a much-used print that erroneously placed him in a British officer’s uniform.
Tecumseh, Shooting Star, and his brother Tenskwatawa, Open Door, were sons of a Shawnee father and a Creek mother. Born in Ohio, they eventually settled, along with a hodgepodge of followers from various tribes, just north of the mouth of the Tippecanoe on the site of former Miami and Potawatomi villages, located near present day Battleground.
Tecumseh, sometimes also known as Panther, has been depicted historically as the archetypal noble savage. Well-built and handsome, he had been a warrior and hunter from an early age. But, he is most famous for his persuasive speeches and political skills among other tribes.
Tenskwatawa (ten SQUAT a way) painted in 1830 by George Catlin from Wikipedia
In appearance, Tenskwatawa was small and frail, known in his tribe as “The Loud Mouth.” During his childhood, an accident with an arrow blinded his left eye. Depth perception marred, he was a failure as a hunter and warrior. He has been depicted as cowardly, fighting in just one battle in his early life, preferring to stay at home in the safety of camp. Not a hunter or raider, and with no visible means of support, he was unable to find a wife or take any position of authority among his people. Eventually, he fell under the influence of the white traders and strong drink, becoming a drunken “hangabout,” begging for his keep around early settlements, trading posts and forts. Then, during a particularly desperate binge, Loud Mouth had a vision. He stopped drinking and, briefly, was converted to Christianity by Moravian missionaries. Returning to his tribe, he shared his vision with his brother. According to his vision, Indians could regain their lost lands and drive out the white man by returning to their native ways. His message, spread mostly by Tecumseh, attracted many followers. Now fully a respected Indian shaman, he changed his name to The Open Door, but the white settlers called him the Shawnee Prophet.
The Prophet’s vision that Indians should forsake all things that were provided by the whites, including dress, food, liquor and weaponry, inspired many disenfranchised Indians. If returning to native ways would get rid of new, white Americans from encroaching upon their lands, the Native Americans were ready. But the Prophet’s coup de gras, which made him a legend, came from knowledge gained from the whites. Using some celestial information gained while living among the Moravians, The Prophet accurately predicted an eclipse of the sun. He told anyone who would listen that he had the power to block out the sun, and a couple of days later, he went into a meditative state, chanting and praying until a full eclipse of the sun arrived right on schedule. With a bit of trickery, he became a celebrity, revered among the Indians and feared for his influence over them by the whites. More and more natives from several Midwestern tribes flocked to join the Shawnee brothers and get ready to rid themselves of white influence and regain their own waning power.
For a while in the later 1700s, an Indian confederacy led by the Miami war chief Little Turtle had turned back several American advances. Through military strength, the Miami Confederacy managed to retain much of their lands in western Ohio and most of Indiana. But near the close of the century, they were defeated decisively by General “Mad” Anthony Wayne. The Confederacy scattered, but many of its members found solace with Tecumseh and The Prophet. Considered a threat to the peace of the frontier, the brothers were pressured out of their new home near Greenville, Ohio. Tecumseh, in his travels, had made friends with an influential Potawatomi chief. The chief offered them one of his villages, located on the Tippecanoe. By 1803, the Shawnee brothers had become part of Indiana’s history.
Boat ramp on the west side of the Winamac Park, photo November 2021
While the Shawnee brothers preached that no Indian could sell land, William Henry Harrison, the first Governor of the new Indiana Territory, was “buying” more from other Indian tribes who lived within the borders of the state. From his territorial capital in Vincennes he had, by the time the Shawnee brothers and their followers settled in at Prophetstown along the Tippecanoe River, negotiated two treaties which put most of southern Indiana under his control.
Prophetstown continued to swell in population as disgruntled young warriors from the Potawatomi, Miami, Wyandot, Chippewa, Winnebago, Moscoutan, Fox, Sauk, Ottawa, Shawnee and other Great Lakes tribes came to hear the back-to-basics message of The Prophet. Land hungry white settlers in the area complained loudly of the increase in Indian population and of roaming bands who were stealing horses and threatening warfare against frontier settlements. These complaints eventually caught the ear of General Harrison.
[From the editor of this piece in 2022: In 1811, the land was still several years away from a treaty with either the Indiana Territory or the US Government. The white settlers were trespassing on Native ground.]
A couple of attempts at peaceful agreements with Tecumseh and his followers in Vincennes went nowhere. Finally, Harrison prepared to march on Prophetstown and destroy it. His amalgamated army was a mixture of regulars, known as “Yellow Jackets” [a mounted militia company from Harrison County], Indiana militia and Kentucky volunteers. The force finally arrived at Prophetstown in early November of 1811. With Tecumseh away on a recruiting trip to add to the membership, The Prophet was forced to deal with Harrison and his troops on his own. Told by his brother not to get into any altercations while he was away, The Prophet rallied his followers to battle after an all-night prayer session. Neither a sneak attack or The Prophet’s incantations worked. The Indians were soundly defeated in a bloody battle, and their dreams of former glory were crushed. Prophetstown was burned to the ground. The Prophet, blamed by everyone present for the defeat, fled the scene. Harrison’s troops gave their leader the nickname of Ol’ Tippecanoe after this success at the Battle of Tippecanoe. The Tippecanoe Battlefield monument, located in Battleground, is now a public park dedicated to this battle.
Harrison served as territorial governor of Indiana but resigned in December 1812 to take part in the Northwestern Army in the War of 1812. He was elected president of the United States in 1841. While campaigning with his vice-presidential candidate, John Tyler, they used the motto, Tippecanoe and Tyler, too. Tecumseh, The Prophet and Harrison had made the Tippecanoe nationally famous.
The now-famous Tippecanoe was scouted as a possible canal route from Fort Wayne to Lafayette, but surveyors determined the volume of water to be inadequate to support any type of barge travel most of the year. But it was big enough to support some dams and races to power mills, and small settlements had already begun to grow up along its banks. More and more settlers required more and more land. The defeated Indians had little choice but to give it up.
Treaties were signed with the remaining tribes in 1818 and again in 1826. Each of these treaties mark the initial reference point as the Tippy. The Treaty of 1818 opens with “Beginning at the mouth of the Tippecanoe River…” while the Treaty of 1826 starts, “Beginning on the Tippecanoe River, where the northern boundary of the tract intersects… … Thence, up the (Wabash River) to the mouth of the Tippecanoe River.” In 1832, a third treaty, this time requiring removal of all remaining Indians, was signed. The treaty talks were held north of Rochester on an island in the Tippecanoe. So, in three of the final treaties with the Indians, the Tippecanoe plays a vital role. Indians were dispersed and the northern part of the state was thrown open to settlement.
The governmental office for selling and recording those newly opened tracts of land was located along the Tippecanoe River in the new town of Winamac. Cheap land brought more settlers into north central Indiana.
Tippecanoe Watershed
By the 1920s there was a need for electrical power in these rural, agricultural communities. Dams were built north of Monticello along the Tippecanoe to provide that power. Indiana was given carte blanche to begin producing electrical power as soon as possible. A by-product of this electrical expansion is Indiana’s premier amusement area. Two lakes, Freeman and Shafer, were created, and recreational cottage communities began to appear along the shores of these lakes and grew north along the river. Today, Indiana Beach is one of the largest recreational facilities in Indiana.
Recreation is, perhaps, the primary allure of the Tippy. It is home to a variety of fish and wildlife. Due to several factors, it is considered one of the cleanest rivers in the United States. Fed by so many natural springs at its source, it always has been considered too small a body of water to support large industry or be used for transportation. These contributing factors have allowed it to maintain relatively high water quality. This high water quality makes it home to two unique species of water wildlife – the clubshell mussel and the Tippecanoe darter. The clubshell’s presence, and its designation as an endangered species, brought the river to the attention of the Nature Conservancy, a global not-for-profit organization dedicated to “Saving the Last Great Places.” The Nature Conservancy has named the Tippecanoe as the eighth most important river in the United States because of the varied and unique species of aquatic wildlife it supports. The Nature Conservancy oversees the entire Tippecanoe watershed and is working on projects, such as reforestation of the river, to keep the water quality – and the Tippecanoe’s reputation as a river – high. Those who live and play along its banks make the river’s influence known by providing a name for many places along the way.
Tippecanoe River State Park near Winamac is one of northern Indiana’s premier state parks. Seven of Pulaski County’s 40 miles of shoreline is contained in the 2,761-acre park. Of that, 180 acres that border the Tippy are dedicated as a nature preserve.
Tippecanoe Township, which contains Monterey in the northeast corner of Pulaski County, also takes its name from the river. Tippecanoe Township was named due to the fact that it has the most miles of river frontage of any of the four townships through which the Tippy flows. Monterey also has a three-acre park, Kleckner Park, which features a boat ramp to the water.
South of Pulaski County, Tippecanoe County is home to Lafayette and Purdue University. There is also the village of Tippecanoe in Marshall County, and the settlement of Tippecanoe Shores near DeLong in Fulton County.
The Tippecanoe may be small by some standards, but in the history of Indiana and Pulaski County, it is a name to be reckoned with.
Who among you have specific memories of the “Memorial Swinging Bridge” that spans the Tippecanoe River in the Winamac Town Park? A recently activated committee has taken on a project to give this structure an aesthetic makeover in celebration of its 100th birthday! The original dedication ceremony occurred on July 4, 1923, designated to memorialize ALL residents of Pulaski County, Indiana who had served in the armed services in all wars, up to and including World War I.
Some time ago, I was asked to do a presentation to the Iris-Elm Garden Club regarding recent and future renovations in the Winamac Town Park. I took this opportunity to mention the 100th anniversary celebration of the Memorial Swinging Bridge, and was quite surprised by the enthusiasm of the club members in sharing stories that each had experienced connected to this structure. Young and “more experienced” members alike had memories to share about various events that they attended which were somehow tied to this bridge.
July 4, 2023 may seem like a date FAR in the future, but now is the time to turn your thoughts to the past. This bridge committee is planning a celebration to mimic, and surpass, its predecessor. The 1923 event was, reportedly, the largest gathering to have been held in Pulaski County history. The proposed renovations and accentuations to our Memorial Swinging Bridge must be funded by private donations by individuals, corporations, and organizations.
I would encourage all of you to think back to days gone by, where an event or experience is somehow tied to, and enhanced by, this symbol of ALL of those brave men and women from our County who served our Country so that we can enjoy our lives, and freedoms. Details will follow soon as to how each of you can participate, personally and monetarily. We need to think back so that we can look ahead!
Regards to all,
Mr. Courtney Poor- Proud native son of Pulaski County, Indiana
To see photos of the Town’s renovations, through the installation of the lights, and to the centennial celebration, visit this page: Our Legacy!
To stay up to date (until the domain is no longer owned, December 2024), go to Our Legacy Continues!
Note regarding the discrepancy in verbiage:
We began our project with a group decision to go with “Memorial Swinging Bridge” both as a domain name and a Facebook site name that were available. As we ended the project, many began to use the term “Veterans Memorial Swinging Bridge.” You will see it both ways here.
We also began our project with the tag line of “Light Up Our Legacy.” As we finished fundraising and moved into planning the day of celebration, the line became “Lighting Our Legacy.”
Please forgive us if you see the lines both ways on this website!
Day Is Done … Gone The Sun …
We have had our glorious day! The bridge is now illuminated, calling all veterans – both living and in honored death – to come home.
This webpage will live on until December 9, 2024, with probably little to no maintenance. Until then, the content is available for you to view and use!
Photos leading up to the illumination and photos from our day can be found on this page: Our Legacy!!
Press Release: Memorial Bridge Centennial, lighting celebration July 3, 2023
by Karen Fritz
‘Lighting Our Legacy”
WINAMAC – A “star-spangled, heart-tugging, patriotic” celebration of the 100th anniversary of the Memorial Swinging Bridge at the Winamac Park is planned for the eve of Independence Day, Monday, July 3.
The centennial rededication of the footbridge will mirror aspects of the original dedication ceremony from 100 years earlier. It will culminate at dusk with a patriotic grand finale – and the much anticipated illumination of the bridge with a newly-installed, professional LED system.
Perhaps Winamac’s most beloved and sentimental landmark, the Memorial Swinging Bridge has now spanned the historic Tippecanoe River at the town park for a century. One of the oldest suspension bridges in Indiana, it was erected and dedicated shortly after the Great War. Still feeling the pain of loss, community leaders named the bridge “Memorial” in honor of “soldiers and sailors” from Pulaski County from all wars.
The Centennial Celebration
The Centennial Celebration of the Memorial Bridge will run from 4 to 10 p.m., Monday, July 3, at the Winamac Town Park. A central theme of the evening will be to honor the county’s veterans and current service men and women. Military members attending, past and present, are encouraged to wear uniforms, memorabilia or shirts and caps that commemorate their service. Members of the public attending are invited to wear period costume from 100 years ago (the “Roaring 20s”), or other historical clothing, or patriotic wear.
The lighting of the bridge at dark (about 10 p.m.) will be the culmination of efforts to honor veterans and Gold Star Families by “lighting their way home.”
Winamac VFW Commander Stan Czech will serve as master of ceremonies. The following is a brief itinerary of events:
4 p.m. – Food vendors will open for business and remain until the bridge is illuminated.
4 p.m. – Local bands will begin playing sets.
5:30 p.m. – The Culver Academies Naval Band will play the National Anthem, ushering in the youth baseball and softball games.
7:30 – The Memorial Swinging Bridge Centennial & Rededication Ceremony will begin, featuring dignitary proclamations, the recognition of POW and Gold Star Families, a salute to veterans, and a patriotic Medley by Culver’s Military Band.
8:30 – Live, local bands will resume playing. Socializing in the park.
9:45 – Patriotic Grand Finale followed by the Illumination of 100-year-old Memorial Swinging Bridge.
NOTE: The public should note there will be reserved parking only at the Main Street (west side) entrance of the park on July 3. Pedestrian traffic on the bridge will be closed during the 7:30 and 9:45 ceremonies.
ALSO: Gold Star family members of Pulaski County soldiers who wish to participate in the Rededication Ceremony should call 574-595-5474.
The ‘Light Up Our Legacy’ Project
In anticipation of the Memorial Bridge’s centennial this summer, a citizen’s group was formed four years ago to facilitate efforts to spruce up the bridge and make plans for a grand celebration. Central to the group’s plans was an effort to illuminate the bridge with a professionally designed and installed, multi-color LED-lighting system.
Associated Controls + Design of Indianapolis is the designer and contractor for the lighting project – the same company that oversaw the South Bend River Lights and the MLK Bridge lights in Fort Wayne.
Known as “Light Up Our Legacy,” the lights are being installed on the bridge’s cables, towers and beneath the structure. Light color combinations can be changed for holidays and seasons. Funding has been secured from private and corporate donations through a variety of fundraising projects the past two years.
Heading up the Memorial Swinging Bridge Project are Greg and Brenda Henry of Winamac. Kathleen (Kathi) Thompson has served as chair of the fund development committee. The sponsoring organization is the Winamac VFW. Dozens of committee members and additional volunteers have been meeting and working since early 2019 brainstorming ideas and gathering histories and photos of the bridge. They organized fund-raising efforts, contacted local government entities for support and advice, and interviewed contractors for the illumination portion of the project. The committee also developed a website and social media platforms, published a monthly newsletter and produced brochures.
Todd Zeiger of Indiana Landmarks has worked with the committee as a consultant. The Winamac Town Council and its park committee provided scheduled refurbishing of the bridge. The Pulaski County Historical Society secured a grant to further help finance the town’s renovation of the span. The town council gave its approval for the centennial committee to proceed with the plan to illuminate the bridge.
Bridge history
The memorial footbridge to honor the county’s military service members was commissioned in April 1923 by the board of the then new Winamac Park Association. The town council pledged $1,000 toward the project, and the newly-formed Winamac Kiwanis Club helped to ready the park on the west side in preparation. A contract was awarded for $3,197 and the 200-foot span was completed three months later.
The day-long dedication festivities for the footbridge in July 1923 began with a parade featuring veterans of the Civil War, Spanish-American War and the Great War, along with Gold Star Mothers. Congressman S.E. Cook gave a speech. The celebration continued in the early afternoon with a band concert and baseball game. The dedication address was given by Major General Leigh Robinson Gignilliat, accompanied by cadets, from nearby Culver Military Academy. The celebration concluded with an elaborate evening display of fireworks.
###
Memorial Swinging Bridge July 3 Rededication/Centennial Celebration
Grand Finale “Lighting Our Legacy” – S O L D I E R S
American Revolution: Patrick Schuttrow – (Reproduction uniform provided by Brenda Henry)
War of 1812: Maddox Bucinski – (Vintage Citadel cadet uniform donated to/provided by WCHS Drama Dept., altered by Nancy Allman)
Mexican War: Max Gearhart – (Reproduction uniform provided by WCHS Drama Dept.)
Civil War: John Seno – (Reproduction uniform provided by WCHS Drama Dept.)
Spanish-American War: Connor Jones – (Reproduction uniform provided by WCHS Drama Dept.)
World War I: Ryan Huggler – (Vintage uniform provided by Pulaski Co. Historical Society)
World War II: Andrew Fritz – (Grandfather’s vintage U.S. Navy officer bridge coat/hat)
Korean War: Alan Huggler – (Reproduction uniform provided by WCHS Drama Dept.; plus vintage hat provided by Pulaski County Historical Society)
Vietnam War: Jakob Penicaro – (Grandfather’s vintage uniform)
Desert Storm/Desert Shield: Jimmy Terry – (Veteran, wearing own uniform)
Afghanistan War: Brandie Bucinski – (Veteran, wearing own uniform)
Iraq War: Mike Zahora – (Veteran, wearing own uniform)
Drummer: Chad Watts
Organized by: Patrick Schuttrow, drama director at Winamac Community High School, Karen Fritz and Brenda Henry, members Memorial Swinging Bridge Committee.
Day is done, gone the sun,
Until the Civil War, another tune was used, a tune that originated in France. Union General Daniel Butterfield changed that with his Third Brigade (Third Brigade, First Division, Fifth Army Corps, Army of the Potomac).
According to MSG Villanueva, the August, 1898 issue of Century Magazine contained an article called The Trumpet in Camp and Battle, by Gustav Kobbe, a music historian and critic. In the article, he wrongly identified the origin of Taps. Oliver W. Norton sent a response.
I recall, in my dim memory, the substantial truth of the statement made by Norton, of the 83rd Pa., about bugle calls. His letter gives the impression that I personally wrote the notes for the call. The facts are, that at the time I could sound calls on the bugle as a necessary part of military knowledge and instruction for an officer commanding a regiment or brigade. I had acquired this as a regimental commander. 
WINAMAC – A “star-spangled, heart-tugging, patriotic” celebration of the 100th anniversary of the Memorial Swinging Bridge at the Winamac Park is planned for the eve of Independence Day, Monday, July 3.
The Centennial Celebration
Grand Finale “Lighting Our Legacy” – S O L D I E R S